ABSTRACT:

      This review is focused on a few species representative of the more important phyla of protostomes, with the exception of arthropods (see other chapters, this volume). The protostomes include two great clades, the lophotrochozoans and ecdysozoans. The lophotrochozoans include, among others, the molluscs, annelids and platyhelminthes. The main phyla of the ecdysozoans include the arthropods, onychophorans and nematodes. Most of the discussion will deal with structural, functional and comparative aspects of yolk proteins and their extra-ovarian synthesized precursors during yolk build up in the growing oocyte.